IP ID Sequencing Probe
Attack Pattern ID: 317 (Detailed Attack Pattern)Typical Severity: LowStatus: Draft
+ Description

Summary

This OS fingerprinting probe analyzes the IP 'ID' field sequence number generation algorithm of a remote host. Operating systems generate IP 'ID' numbers differently, allowing an attacker to identify the operating system of the host by examining how is assigns ID numbers when generating response packets. RFC 791 does not specify how ID numbers are chosen or their ranges, so ID sequence generation differs from implementation to implementation. There are two kinds of IP 'ID' sequence number analysis:

1. IP 'ID' Sequencing: Analyzing the IP 'ID' sequence generation algorithm for one protocol used by a host.

2. Shared IP 'ID' Sequencing: Analyzing the packet ordering via IP 'ID' values spanning multiple protocols, such as between ICMP and TCP.

+ Target Attack Surface

Target Attack Surface Description

Targeted OSI Layers: Network Layer

Target Attack Surface Localities

Server-side

Target Attack Surface Types: Host

Target Functional Services

Target Functional Service 1: None
Protocol 1: ICMP
Protocol Header 1: IP Header
Protocol Field NameProtocol Field Description
Identifier
The Identifier field 'ID' is a 16 bit field used for fragment reassembly.
Related Protocol: Internet Control Messaging Protocol
Relationship Type
Uses Protocol
Related Protocol: Transmission Control Protocol
Relationship Type
Uses Protocol
Related Protocol: User Datagram Protocol
Relationship Type
Uses Protocol
Related Protocol: IP Datagram Reassembly Algorithms
Relationship Type
Uses Protocol
Related Protocol: Path MTU Discovery
Relationship Type
Uses Protocol
+ Related Attack Patterns
NatureTypeIDNameDescriptionView(s) this relationship pertains toView\(s\)
ChildOfAttack PatternAttack Pattern314IP Fingerprinting Probes 
Mechanism of Attack (primary)1000
+ References
Stuart McClure, Joel Scambray, George Kurtz. "Hacking Exposed: Network Security Secrets & Solutions". 6th Edition. McGraw Hill, ISBN: 978-0-07-161374-3. 2009.
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). "RFC793 - Transmission Control Protocol". 1981. <http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc793.html>.
Gordon "Fyordor" Lyon. "Nmap Network Scanning: The Official Nmap Project Guide to Network Discovery and Security Scanning". 3rd "Zero Day" Edition, . Insecure.com LLC, ISBN:978-0-9799587-1-7. 2008.
Gordon "Fyordor" Lyon. "The Art of Port Scanning". Volume: 7, Issue. 51. Phrack Magazine. 1997. <http://nmap.org/p51-11.html>.